Human brain and Robots
For all human development which we see around and are proud,
credit goes to a small human organ just weighing 1.25---1.5 kg, called Brain.
Human brain just constitutes 2% of whole body weight. Before going further in
discussion on Brain v/s Robot let us
know something about brain and its functioning.
Human Brain has three components:--Cerebrum, Cerebellum and
Brain stem.
Cerebrum:--It constitutes 85%of total brain. To accommodate
huge volume of neurons brain’s structure is folded, called Gyri. It has two
hemispheres connected to each other by tissue called Corpus callosum. Cerebrum
has four lobes called, Frontal, Parietal, Temporal and Occipital. Each lobe has
different functions:-
Frontal lobe:---It
controls movements of body ,Speech ,Behavior ,Memory ,Emotions Intellectual
functions.
Parietal lobe:---It
controls sensory system , Spatial
orientation
Temporal lobe:---It
is involved in Memory ,Hearing ,Emotions. Left temporal controls Speech also.
Occipital lobe:---
for vision.
It is left half of cerebrum which controls right side of
body and right half controls left side of body. Left hemisphere also controls speech,
Language and calculations while right hemisphere is involved in spatial
orientation and artistic skills.
Cerebellum:-
It lies below cerebrum in its posterior part. It controls posture,
Tone, Balance, movements, reflexes.
Brain Stem:-
It connects cerebrum with spinal cord. It consists of three
parts:- Mid brain ,Pons ,Medulla oblongata. Its functions is to carry
information to and fro from cerebral cortex to spinal cord. It is source of
cranial nerves and is critical for Heat beating, Breathing, BP, and
Consciousness.
Between Cerebrum and Brain stem lies Thalamus and
Hypothalamus. Thalamus relays sensory and motor signals to cerebral cortex.
Hypothalamus connects brain to Endocrine system via—Pituitary gland.
There are nearly 86 billion neurons in Grey matter of brain
and trillions of connections [synapses] connecting neurons. Humans have large
frontal lobe which is important for Self-control, Planning, Abstract thinking
etc.
How our brain works:--
Our brain is not supercomputer as is common belief. A
computer works by obeying laws of Turine machine. Computer has central processing Centre, a
chip and windows to help. Remove one transistor in central processing system,
computer stands disabled. No such thing in brain. It has been seen even if half
brain is damaged, other half is ready to take over function. Human brain is
“Neural network” which constantly rewires itself after learning a new task.
Thoughts in brain are not localized at one spot but are spread out.
It is senses which make our external world. Brain does not
encounter original matter but receives its electrical signals. Brain converts
these signals into particles which form images and projects reality out to perceive.
So we are seeing this colorful world, images of which have been made inside our
dark brain. Our body too is image formed by our brain. Human brain creates reality out of electric
signals it receives. Brain is like movie projector and this universe a holographic
projection around earth. Hence this universe is a virtual reality created by
our brain.
Brain and Machines:--
Thoughts in brain are spread out, not localized. This is a
stumbling block in pin pointing functions of brain. MRI cannot measure isolated,
individual thoughts. Millions of neurons fire at once when we perform the
simple task. By stimulating certain areas in brain one might be able to evoke
visual images and thoughts. A complete
one to one correspondence between MRI patterns and thoughts is not possible. It
may be possible in future to make a dictionary of thoughts by analyzing certain
patterns on EEG/MRI with the help of computers. Mind reading though possible
but it is doubtful if it will be capable of picking out specific words in one’s
thoughts. Mind reading makes gods/saints to know your needs and possibly grant
them too? But neural telepathy is impossible. PET SCAN/ functional MRI can be
used to know which parts of brain are engaged in particular activity. MRI can
be used as LIE detector tool as it is impossible for a person to control his
brain patterns. MRI does not detect lie, but an increased brain activity.
A Mind-Machine
interface can help a paralyzed person to perform certain activities using just
power of mind. This has been made possible by putting silicon chip over motor
cortex. Signals from brain are transmitted to computer which translates signals
into motor activity. In future silicon chip can be put in different parts of
brain so that different organs by mere power of thought can be activated. In
future it should be possible to use thought driven apparatus to manipulate room
temperature and so on. In future by rearranging molecules at macro level,
psychokinesis will be possible. Controlling of computer by mind is distinct
possibility in near future.
Machines [Robots] doing some human functions is on anvil.
There are already preprogrammed Robots in market. Robots can do complex
problems like play chess, do complicated calculations etc. Robots can see and
hear better than humans. Problem with them is they don’t understand what they
see/hear. No Robot can understand a simple children story which is read to it.
Robots cannot navigate easily in three dimensions, a job done by cock roach
easily. No Robot can duplicate its feat which even ordinary insects can do. Our
brain unconsciously recognizes objects by performing trillion calculations when
we enter room. Robot just cannot do this. Another problem with Robots is lack
of common sense. Water is wet, father is older than son we learn by experience
but Robot only knows that much what is programmed in them. Robots not only lack
common sense they lack thought process too. It cannot on its own see problem
and solve it too. Robots can manipulate words without understanding them.
Humans are carbon based, Robots are silicon based. A merger
of two is needed for our survival. Robot with artificial intelligence is round
corner is myth not a reality. Roger, physicist believes a mechanical being that
can think and possess human consciousness is IMPOSSIBLE. Machines are incapable
of human thought process.
According to some in distant future our neural architecture
can be transferred into machine giving us a sense of immortality------------“-A
wild thought”, I suppose. Unless science acknowledges Consciousness and its
role in Creation and LIFE, A Robot with artificial intelligence will remain a
mathematical expression only and not a true reality.
